Blog
Articles on Next.js, React, TypeScript, and modern web app architecture — performance, SEO, and real-world frontend engineering patterns.
81 articles
Web DevWhat Next.js output standalone actually produces, the two directories file tracing never copies, and the three-stage Dockerfile this site deploys to a self-hosted VPS.
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An agent put use client at the top of a route file and the whole page shipped to the browser. The type checker said nothing. Here is the plugin I wrote for that stack in full — manifest, skill, hook, subagent — and which of the four I deleted.
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An artifact is a live, interactive page on claude.ai published straight from a session. Here are the constraints that shape it and where it silently will not work.
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How I structure articles so ChatGPT, Perplexity, and Google AI Overviews quote them — answer-first writing, FAQPage and TechArticle schema, and measuring AI-referral traffic.
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How I use the Speculation Rules API to prefetch and prerender pages in Chromium — the JSON syntax, eagerness levels, document rules, and how it differs from Next.js Link prefetch.
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Why the Date object is broken and how Temporal fixes it with immutable types, first-class time zones, and DST-safe math — plus the current browser status.
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Next.js 16 renamed middleware.ts to proxy.ts. Here is the mechanical migration, the silent trap that exposes routes, and why auth must move to your data layer after CVE-2025-29927.
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How Cache Components flips Next.js to dynamic-by-default and hands you explicit caching through the use cache directive, cacheLife profiles, and cacheTag invalidation.
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What the Next.js hydration mismatch error really means, the handful of causes behind it, and how I fix each one with useEffect, dynamic imports, and suppressHydrationWarning.
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Every use server function is a public POST endpoint. How I harden Next.js Server Actions with per-action auth, ownership checks, Zod validation, and rate limiting.
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Astro 5 shipped Server Islands, a stable Content Layer API, and typed astro:env — how each one works and when I actually reach for it.
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Why Svelte 5 dropped the compiler-magic reactive model for explicit runes — how $state, $derived, $effect, and $props work, the signals under the hood, and how to migrate.
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How HTMX revives the hypermedia model — hx-get, hx-swap, and HTML fragments instead of a JSON API — where it shines, where it does not, and what htmx 2.0 changed.
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Tailwind CSS v4 is a ground-up rewrite on the Rust Oxide engine: CSS-first theme config, automatic content detection, and builds up to 5x faster.
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React's build-time compiler now memoizes components and hooks for you. Here is what it does, how to wire it into Babel, Vite, and Next.js, and where it can still bite.
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Biome is a single Rust formatter and linter that wants to replace ESLint plus Prettier. Here is the honest comparison: speed, config, Prettier compatibility, migration, and the limits I hit.
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Why Vite ran esbuild in dev and Rollup in production, the inconsistencies that caused, and how Rolldown — the Rust bundler from the Vite team — unifies both.
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Why naive useEffect timers leak, how to build a reusable useDebounce hook, and how to clean up debounce and throttle on unmount in React.
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Two architectures for shipping less JavaScript — RSC's server-render boundary versus the islands model in Astro and Qwik — and how to choose.
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How TanStack Router gives you typed params, validated search state, and route loaders — and why file-based routing beats hand-wiring the tree.
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Valibot ships a schema in about 1.3 kB while Zod carries roughly 13 kB — here is why the modular pipe design tree-shakes and Zod's method chaining does not.
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Heavy CPU work freezes React at 0fps. Here is how I move it to a Web Worker with Comlink, when a worker beats a server call, and how to hold 60fps.
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Zod 4 rewrote the validation core for speed, added a 1.9 KB tree-shakable mini build, and reshaped error handling — here is what changed and how to migrate.
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How to generate a unique Open Graph image for every blog post at request time using Next.js ImageResponse and Satori, without shipping a design tool.
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