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DevOps & Cloud Infrastructure (193)AI & LLMs (143)Backend & APIs (102)Web Development (90)ERP Systems (77)Security (65)Software Development (58)Career Reflections (29)Cloud (29)AI / Machine Learning (18)Product & SaaS (12)University (1)Hackathons (1)
Design a URL Shortener Like bit.ly: System Design Guide
BackendOctober 202613 min read

Design a URL Shortener Like bit.ly: System Design Guide

How to design a URL shortener like bit.ly: capacity arithmetic, base62 key generation, a Postgres schema, 301 versus 302, Redis caching, analytics and abuse control.

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Token Bucket vs Sliding Window: Rate Limiting Algorithms
BackendOctober 20269 min read

Token Bucket vs Sliding Window: Rate Limiting Algorithms

Which rate limiting algorithm should you use? Fixed window, sliding window log and counter, token bucket and leaky bucket compared with worked arithmetic and TypeScript.

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Cache-Aside vs Write-Through vs Write-Back: Which Fits?
BackendOctober 202610 min read

Cache-Aside vs Write-Through vs Write-Back: Which Fits?

Cache-aside, read-through, write-through, write-back and write-around compared: how each reads and writes, how each fails, with TypeScript and Redis code.

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Cache Invalidation Strategies: TTL, Events and Versioned Keys
BackendOctober 202610 min read

Cache Invalidation Strategies: TTL, Events and Versioned Keys

How to invalidate a cache correctly: why reads go stale, how TTL, event-driven purge and versioned keys differ, and how jitter and single-flight stop stampedes.

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How a CDN Works: What to Cache at the Edge and What Not To
CloudOctober 20269 min read

How a CDN Works: What to Cache at the Edge and What Not To

A concept explainer on points of presence, anycast routing, cache keys, Cache-Control headers, purging, and the responses that must never reach a shared cache.

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Database Indexing Explained: How B-Trees Work in Postgres
BackendOctober 202611 min read

Database Indexing Explained: How B-Trees Work in Postgres

How database indexes work and why B-trees dominate: page-fanout arithmetic, real Postgres EXPLAIN output, composite column order and the write cost of every index.

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